本文共 4000 字，大约阅读时间需要 13 分钟。

本身是不应该关注语法细节的.

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    ① bool型在C中有(那个标准开始的忘了,C primer plus中有),在C++中更有.

    ② 字符串的终止会被空白符终止, 空白符:Tab,换行,空格.其实都是空格的一种形式.

    ③ 初值的赋予注意:eg string first_name = "???";  String 类型应该是对C语言中用数组来表示字符串的改进吧.

    ④ String用法远比C中舒服.可以加但是不可以减  还可以直接比较时候相等.

    ⑤ >>  和 << 运算符的应用.  S>>X 从S读取到X.

    ⑥ 终止输入符号: Control + Z 然后按 Enter. 在Linux中的 Control + D 

    ⑦命名的开始下划线最好不用.

    ⑧再次强调定义时初始化.

    ⑨对于类型转换的安全性. 在嵌入式编程中很重要的一点,.很多时候总是用unsigned,但是需要注意范围.

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下面则是引用中的string中参考

String class

String objects are a special type of container, specifically designed to operate with sequences of characters.

Unlike traditional c-strings, which are mere sequences of characters in a memory array, C++ string objects belong to a class with many built-in features to operate with strings in a more intuitive way and with some additional useful features common to C++ containers.

The  string class is an instantiation of the  basic_string class template, defined in  <string> as:
typedef basic_string<char> string;  

Member functions

Construct string object (constructor member )

String assignment (public member function)

Iterators :

Return iterator to beginning (public member function)

Return iterator to end (public member function)

Return reverse iterator to reverse beginning (public member function)

Return reverse iterator to reverse end (public member function)

Capacity :

Return length of string (public member function)

Return length of string (public member function)

Return maximum size of string (public member function)

Resize string (public member function)

Return size of allocated storage (public member function)

Request a change in capacity (public member function)

Clear string (public member function)

Test if string is empty (public member function)

Element access :

Get character in string (public member function)

Get character in string (public member function)

Modifiers :

Append to string (public member function)

Append to string (public member function)

Append character to string (public member function)

Assign content to string (public member function )

Insert into string (public member function )

Erase characters from string (public member function)

Replace part of string (public member function )

Swap contents with another string (public member function)

String operations :

Get C string equivalent (public member function )

Get string data (public member function)

Get allocator (public member function)

Copy sequence of characters from string (public member function)

Find content in string (public member function)

Find last occurrence of content in string (public member function)

Find character in string (public member function)

Find character in string from the end (public member function)

Find absence of character in string

Find absence of character in string from the end (public member function)

Generate substring (public member function)

Compare strings (public member function )

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    ① vector算是对C中数组的改进? vector<int>v(6),居然和数组一样用法v[2].

    ② 显然vector应该是class,有内部成员: 

                 push_back这个成员真好,不像C中那样不可以追加.

                 vector<int>V  其size成员在初始化时是0.

                begin和end成员也不错.....

         看来这个确实比C舒服.

   ③sort排序

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